Diseases Caused by Vitamin Deficiency
| Vitamins | Constituent | Deficiency Diseases | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A | Retinol | Nyctalopia | Night Blindness |
| Vitamin B1 | Thiamine | Beri Beri | Nervous Disorder |
| Vitamin B2 | Ribiflavin | Ariboflavinosis, Cheilosis | ****** |
| Vitamin B3 | Niacin | Pellagra | Demantia, Dermatitis, Diarrhoea |
| Vitamin B5 | Panthothenic acid | Acne, Paresthesia | Fatigue, Insomnia, |
| Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine | Epilepsy,Pink eye | Neurological Disorder |
| Vitamin B7 | Biotin | Neurological Disorder | Hair Loss |
| Vitamin B9 | Folic Acid | Macrocytic Anaemia | ****** |
| Vitamin B12 | Cynocobalamin | Pernicious Anaemia | Destruction of RBC |
| Vitamin C | Ascorbic Acid | Scurvy | Bleeding Gums & Loosening of Teeth |
| Vitamin D | Calciferol | Rickets, Osteomalacia | Defective Calcification of Bones |
| Vitamin E | Tochopherol & Tocotrienol | Sterility, RBC destruction, Retinopathy | Inability to Reproduce |
| Vitamin K | Phylloquinone & Menaquinone | Haemorrhage | Profuse Loss of Blood |
Diseases Caused by Protein Deficiency
1.Kwashiorkor:-
In Kwashiorkar, the child develops an enlarged belly with face and feet swelling.
Symptoms of Kwashiorkor:
- Protruding Belly
- Dark and Scaly skin,brownish hair
- Stunted growth-Usually underweight
- Swollen Legs due to accumulation of Water
- Loss of Appetite
- Anaemia
- Mental Retardation
- Reduced Resistance to diseases.
2.Marasmus
In Marasmus, the child loses weight and suffers severe diarrhoea and it will appear as though bones are covered by skin.
Symptoms of Kwashiorkor:
- Poor Muscle Development
- Bone showing through Skin-No fat
- Weak Legs
- Loss of Appetite
- Anaemia
- Grossly Underweight
- Mental Retardation
Diseases Caused by Mineral Deficiency
1. Hyponatremia:-
In Human Body We need Sodium in the Bloodstream to control Water level in our Body. If Sodium is too low then this condition is called as Hyponatremia.
2. Goitre:
It is due to the deficiency of iodine in our diet. Thyroid gland bulges as a swelling in the neck and it is called as goitre.
3. Cretinism:
It is also due to the deficiency of iodine in our diet. This is caused in children and the symptoms are: stunted growth, retarded mental development, defective teeth, protrusion of tongue and loose skin.
| Minerals | Deficiency Diseases |
|---|---|
| Iron | Anaemia, Arrhythmia |
| Calcium | Osteoporosis, Hypocalcemia |
| Sodium | Hyponatremia, Nausea |
| Potassium | Myalgia, Paralysis, Muscle weakness, Arrhythmia, High BP |
| Magnesium | Heart Attack, Insulin Resistance |
| Iodine | Goitre, Cretinism |
